Saturday, June 09, 2007

Global Warming? An Inconvenient Truth..... Its not real...

The article below outlines my basic thesis in the Global Warming debate..
The earth is warming naturally, and possibly has some minor help from man.. however this is NOT the warmest the earth has ever seen and may be a normal part of the ebb and flow of temperatures that the earth has seen.
http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/summary_0199-3753784_ITM is the location of the article.
One of the things that got me to thinking about Global Warming and the REAL Inconvenient Truth is that there have been a lot of recent Archeological finds in ice fields and where there used to be glaciers.. What does this mean? That despite the simple fact that the world is warming, it is NOT warmer than any time in the past. Finding human remains in areas where glaciers were means that at some time in the past there was NOT ice in this location. The biggest story I have heard of is a silver mine in the Alps which supposedly was recently found. It got frozen in and was abandoned when the ice did not retreat... at some time in the past.. If it is now "Unfrozen" then the world temps at one time were the SAME as they are now.!!
See some of the Archeological evidence below in an Excerpt from the article link above.

Description
In recent decades accidental discoveries of archaeological and paleontological remains have been reported from glaciers around the world. These finds demonstrate that humans and animals repeatedly have used specific areas of perennial snow and ice for thousands of years. Frozen organic artifacts from these sites provide detailed information unavailable from other types of depositional environments. They also provide data important to understanding high-latitude and high-altitude human adaptations and to interpreting and dating artifacts recovered from other contexts. The current period of global warming presents an opportunity to identify glaciers and perennial ice and snowfields holding potential for archaeological and paleontological site discovery. Monitoring melting ice is necessary to identify and preserve these unique, rare, and ephemeral archaeological remains. Approximately 10 percent of the Earth's land surface is underlain by permafrost or covered by perennial ice and snow (Times Atlas 1999:39). Small glaciers (all glaciers other than the Greenland and Antarctica ice sheets) occur in high-latitude and high-altitude environments and comprise roughly 4 percent of all land ice (Dyurgerov 2002:10) with an estimated total minimum area of 610,000 [km.sup.2] (Dyurgerov 2002:68: Meier and Bahr 1996). Traditionally these vast areas have been regarded as environments unlikely to attract humans or animals because they are perceived as being comparatively remote and low in biological productivity. As a result, glaciers and perennial snow and ice have been thought to hold little potential for the discovery of archaeological remains. This assumption is incorrect. A Geographic Information System (GIS) model, "Modeling Archaeological Potential of Ice and Snow," or MAPIS, is being developed and field-tested in Alaska's Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve (WSENPP) (Dixon and Manley 2001; Dixon et al. 2003, 2004). Results of the survey reveal that spatial modeling can focus archaeological surveys of: perennial snow and ice, and help document historic and prehistoric archaeological sites. Glacial Archaeology Freezing may be the most ideal condition under which prehistoric organic remains can be preserved. Frozen environments have produced some of the most complete examples of prehistoric human remains and artifacts ever discovered. Tools, clothing, and other materials made from plants and animals usually decompose soon after deposition: however, if frozen, they may be preserved for thousands of years. Their excellent state of preservation makes them suitable for analysis with a variety of analytical techniques, including radiometric dating and isotope analysis. Archaeological remains preserved in Arctic and sub-Arctic permafrost have been recognized and recovered throughout the Arctic (Dixon 1993, 1999: Guthrie 1990: Hansen and Gullov 1989: Hansen et al. 1985: Lobdell and Dekin 1984: Newell 1984; Rainey 1939: Reinhard 1996, 1999; Smith and Zimmerman 1975: Zimmerman and Smith 1975). While permafrost discoveries have been widely documented, reports of archaeological remains from glaciers and ice patches have been rare until recent years. In 1991 the discovery of a Late Neolithic "Iceman" brought world attention to the archaeological potential of glaciers. Found near a 3,200 m glaciated pass in the Tyrolean Alps, the Iceman carried an impressive array of sophisticated technology including armaments, clothing, storage containers, wood-working implements, fire-starting equipment, and even medicinal plants (Kutschera et al. 2000; Oeggl et al. 2000; Spindler 1994). This discovery was soon followed by the pioneering work of Canadian researchers in the southern Yukon Territory of Canada. Near the British Columbia border, several thawing ice patches were discovered containing frozen archaeological and paleontological specimens (Farnell et al. 2000; Farnell et al. 2004; Hare 2001; Hare et al. 2004; Kuzyk et al. 1999). Subsequently, the remains of Kwaday Dan Ts'inchi, meaning "Long Ago Person Found" in Southern Tutchone (Athapaskan), were found in northern British Columbia, Canada. The remains of this individual were discovered along an ice ridge on a glacier at an elevation of approximately 1,600 m in northwest British Columbia, Canada (Beattie et al. 2000). Artifacts recovered with the individual included tools, weapons, clothes, and even trail food. These and other fortuitous discoveries were brought to the attention of archaeologists by outdoor recreationalists. These finds demonstrate that organic artifacts are preserved within these unique frozen depositional environments and that they will continue to be exposed as ancient ice melts. In addition to the archaeological remains that have been reported from mountain glaciers, numerous organic artifacts have been discovered melting from small patches of perennial snow and ice. Canadian scientists have used the term "ice patch" to describe these features (Hare 2001). The Inuit word "aniuvat," meaning permanent snow patches, also is used to describe them (Kusugak 2002:vi). The archaeology of glaciers and aniuvat presents unique challenges. For example, because it is not feasible or practical to dig test pits in glacial ice and aniuvat, archaeologists rely primarily on surface finds. Further, because artifacts are covered by accumulated snow for much of the year, archeologists must conduct surveys during the late summer within the ablation zone, the lower part of the glacier or aniuvat where ablation (melting and evaporation of ice and snow) exceeds accumulation (winter snowfall). Glaciers and aniuvat exhibiting negative mass balance (greater ablation than accumulation) over the course of a year or longer present the best possibility for identifying and recovering artifacts exposed on their surfaces. Once thawed, organic remains soon decompose or are subject to destruction by scavenging animals. Glaciers are depositional environments that present challenges to traditional archaeological concepts of spatial and stratigraphic relationships between artifacts and artifact assemblages. Archaeological research on glaciers requires an understanding of ice dynamics, which are different from geomorphic contexts associated with most archaeological sites. The movement of large valley glaciers and ice fields creates unstable geologic features that present unique archaeological problems. Englacial transport paths (within the glacier) and supraglacial pathways (on the surface of the ice) are important variables in locating archaeological and paleontological remains. Artifacts originally deposited within the accumulation zone will be carried within the ice and exposed in the middle or lower ablation zones. Hypothetically, artifacts initially deposited anywhere within the ablation zone will be carried down glacier, accumulating as "lag" on the surface. Examples from British Columbia (Beattie et al. 2000) and the Tyrolean Alps (Oeggl et al. 2000) demonstrate that these surface deposits may contain artifacts of different ages that initially have been presumed to be contemporaneous. The exceptional preservation of organic artifacts found in these contexts can make them appear to be recent, particularly to the untrained eye. As a result, their full significance may not be recognized. For example, the Iceman from the Tyrolean Alps was regarded as a recent fatality and was initially treated as a forensic case. For these reasons, it is important to date every specimen and not assume that specimens are recent, or that assemblages of objects are contemporaneous. Glaciological principles of kinetics and mass balance are tools that can be applied to help identify promising locales for archaeological survey. In conjunction with field survey, they can be used to identify and eliminate chaotic surface topography within the lower ablation area of specific glaciers. Surface velocities also...